What is DMA and Why it is used? Direct memory access (DMA) is a mode of data transfer between the memory and I/O devices. This happens without the involvement of the processor. We have two other methods of data transfer, programmed I/O and Interrupt driven I/O. Let’s revise each and get acknowledge with their drawbacks. In programmed I/O, the processor keeps on scanning whether any device is ready for data transfer. If an I/O device is ready, the processor fully dedicates itself in transferring the data between I/O and memory. It transfers data at a high rate, but it can’t get involved in any other activity during data transfer. This is the major drawback of programmed I/O. In Interrupt driven I/O, whenever the device is ready for data transfer, then it raises an interrupt to processor. Processor completes executing its ongoing instruction and saves its current state. It then switches to data transfer which causes a delay. Here, the processor doesn’t keep scanning for periphe...
Java Interview Questions 1. What are the differences between C++ and Java? C++ is not platform-independent; the principle behind C++ programming is “write once, compile anywhere.” In contrast, because the byte code generated by the Java compiler is platform-independent, it can run on any machine, Java programs are written once and run everywhere. · Languages Compatibility. C++ is a programming language that is based on the C programming language . Most other high-level languages are compatible with C++. Most of the languages of Java are incompatible. Java is comparable to those of C and C++. · Interaction with the library. It can access the native system libraries directly in C++. As a result, it’s better for programming at the system level. Java’s native libraries do not provide direct call support. You can use Java Native Interface or access the libraries. · Characteristics. C++ distinguishes it...
AUTOMATA DEFINITIONS THIS SUBJECT IS FULLY BASED ON EXAMPLES, DEFINITIONS, GRAMMAR RULES, DIAGRAMS AND THEOREMS. IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS: DFA: A Deterministic Finite State Automaton (DFSA) is denoted by M and it is a set of 5-tuples i.e. M=(Q, Σ, δ, q 0 , F) where, * Q is a non-empty finite set of states * Σ is a non-empty finite set of input symbols * q 0 is the initial state or starting state. (q0 ∈ Q) * F is a non-empty finite set of final state. (F ⊆ Q). * δ (pronounce delta) is the transition function. Q x Σ → Q. δ(q,a) = p means, if the automation is in state q and reading a symbol a, it goes to state p in the next instant, moving the pointer one cell to the right. NDFA: A Non-Deterministic Finite State Automaton (NFSA) is denoted by M and it is a set of 5-tuples i.e. M=(Q, Σ, δ, q 0 , F) where, * Q is a non-empty finite set of states * Σ is a non-empty finite set ...
Using the Vim editor in Git Bash is similar to using it in any terminal environment. Vim is a powerful text editor available on most Unix-based systems, including the Git Bash environment on Windows. Here’s a basic guide on how to use Vim within Git Bash: ### 1. **Opening Vim** - To open a file in Vim, navigate to the directory containing your file using Git Bash and type: ```bash vim filename ``` Replace `filename` with the name of the file you want to edit. If the file doesn’t exist, Vim will create it when you save. ### 2. **Basic Vim Modes** - **Normal Mode:** This is the default mode when you open Vim. In this mode, you can navigate through the file and issue commands. - **Insert Mode:** This mode allows you to insert text into the file. To enter Insert Mode from Normal Mode, press `i`. - **Command Mode:** This mode is used for saving, quitting, ...
Making PowerPoint Slides Avoiding the Pitfalls of Bad Slides Tips to be Covered Outlines Slide Structure Fonts Color Background Graphs Spelling and Grammar Conclusions Questions Outline Make your 1 st or 2 nd slide an outline of your presentation – Ex: previous slide Follow the order of your outline for the rest of the presentation Only place main points on the outline slide – Ex: Use the titles of each slide as main points Slide Structure – Good Use 1-2 slides per minute of your presentation Write in point form, not complete sentences Include 4-5 points per slide Avoid wordiness: use key words and phrases only Slide Structure - Bad This page contains too many words for a presentation slide. It is not written in point form, making it difficult both for your audience to read and for you to present each point. Although there are exactly the same number of points on this slide a...
Uploading images in a Laravel application is a common task. Here's a step-by-step guide to implementing image upload functionality using Laravel: ### Step 1: Set Up the Form for Image Upload First, create a form in your Blade template to allow users to upload an image. ```blade <!-- resources/views/upload.blade.php --> <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>Image Upload</title> </head> <body> <h1>Upload an Image</h1> <form action="{{ route('image.upload') }}" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data"> @csrf <div> <label for="image">Choose an image:</label> ...
Template for submission of Survey papers for Literature survey (PaperCode) First A. Author, Second B. Author, Jr., and Third C. Author F. A. Author, Paper Name, Department of Computational Science, University, India ( e-mail: author1@ xyz.com). S. A. Author, Paper Name, Department of Computational Science,University, India ( e-mail: author2@ xyz.com). T. A. Author, Paper Name , Department of Computational Science, University, India ( e-mail: author3@ xyz.com). ABSTRACT Fill the text from your manuscript in different sections as shown below. Fill the text from your manuscript in different sections as shown below. Fill the text from your manuscript in different sections as shown below. Fill the text from your manuscript in different sections. Fill the text from your manuscript in different sections. Fill the text from your manuscript in different sections. Fill the text from your manuscript in different...
BACKEND MACHINE TEST F.M: 50 TIME: 1 HR 30 MIN Question: 1 You have a develop API with CRUD OPERATION and test that API using POSTMAN TOOL: NOTE: CREATE A NEW APP FOR THE API CREATION AND INSTALL THE DEPENDENCY REQUIRED FOR API CREATION. NOTE THE BELOW POINTS: CREATE A MODAL SCHEMA FOR RAILINFO : Fields : { _id:’’ , train_no:’’ , train_name:’’ , src_station:’’,dest_station:’’,platform_no:’’,dep_time:’’,arr_time:’’} CREATE THE CONTROLLER FOR THE BELOW OPERATIONS ON API : FETCH ALL TRAIN INFO FIND SPECIFIC TRAIN INFO based on src_station , dest_station INSERT TRAIN INFO UPDATE TRAIN INFO based on train_no DELETE TRAIN INFO based on train _id CREATE THE PROPER ROUTING FOR API. TEST EACH ENDPOINTS USING POSTMAN and provide the screenshots Attached. Task Overview: You need to develop an API that supports CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, Delete) for train information. The API will be tested using the Postman tool. The steps below will guide you through...
Tongue twisters are a great way to practice and improve pronunciation and fluency. They can also help to improve accents by using alliteration, which is the repetition of one sound. They’re not just for kids, but are also used by actors, politicians, and public speakers who want to sound clear when speaking. Below, you will find some of the most popular English tongue twisters. Say them as quickly as you can. If you can master them, you will be a much more confident speaker. Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers A peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers Where’s the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked? Betty Botter bought some butter But she said the butter’s bitter If I put it in my batter, it will make my batter bitter But a bit of better butter will make my batter better So ‘twas better Betty Botter bought a bit of better butter How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood? He would ch...
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